什(Shi)么(Me)原(Yuan)因(Yin)导(Dao)致(Zhi)铅(Qian)酸(Suan)蓄(Xu)电(Dian)池(Chi)使(Shi)用(Yong)寿(Shou)命(Ming)短(Duan)？(?)

      蓄(Xu)电(Dian)池(Chi)是(Shi)汽(Qi)车(Che)必(Bi)不(Bu)可(Ke)少(Shao)的(De)一(Yi)部(Bu)分(Fen)，(?)可(Ke)分(Fen)为(Wei)传(Chuan)统(Tong)的(De)铅(Qian)酸(Suan)蓄(Xu)电(Dian)池(Chi)和(He)免(Mian)维(Wei)护(Hu)蓄(Xu)电(Dian)池(Chi)，(?)由(You)于(Yu)蓄(Xu)电(Dian)池(Chi)采(Cai)用(Yong)了(Liao)铅(Qian)钙(Gai)合(He)金(Jin)做(Zuo)栅(Zha)架(Jia)，(?)所(Suo)以(Yi)充(Chong)电(Dian)时(Shi)产(Chan)生(Sheng)的(De)水(Shui)分(Fen)解(Jie)量(Liang)少(Shao)，(?)水(Shui)分(Fen)蒸(Zheng)发(Fa)量(Liang)也(Ye)低(Di)，(?)加(Jia)上(Shang)外(Wai)壳(Ke)采(Cai)用(Yong)密(Mi)封(Feng)结(Jie)构(Gou)，(?)释(Shi)放(Fang)出(Chu)来(Lai)的(De)硫(Liu)酸(Suan)气(Qi)体(Ti)也(Ye)很(Hen)少(Shao)，(?)所(Suo)以(Yi)它(Ta)与(Yu)传(Chuan)统(Tong)蓄(Xu)电(Dian)池(Chi)相(Xiang)比(Bi)，(?)具(Ju)有(You)不(Bu)需(Xu)添(Tian)加(Jia)任(Ren)何(He)液(Ye)体(Ti)，(?)对(Dui)接(Jie)线(Xian)桩(Zhuang)头(Tou)，(?)电(Dian)量(Liang)储(Chu)存(Cun)时(Shi)间(Jian)长(Chang)等(Deng)优(You)点(Dian)。(?)蓄(Xu)电(Dian)池(Chi)都(Du)有(You)生(Sheng)命(Ming)周(Zhou)期(Qi)，(?)使(Shi)用(Yong)情(Qing)况(Kuang)不(Bu)同(Tong)、(?)环(Huan)境(Jing)不(Bu)同(Tong)，(?)使(Shi)用(Yong)寿(Shou)命(Ming)不(Bu)同(Tong)。(?)今(Jin)天(Tian)来(Lai)了(Liao)解(Jie)下(Xia)哪(Na)些(Xie)因(Yin)素(Su)下(Xia)，(?)会(Hui)影(Ying)响(Xiang)蓄(Xu)电(Dian)池(Chi)使(Shi)用(Yong)寿(Shou)命(Ming)。(?)

（(?)1）(?) 深(Shen)度(Du)放(Fang)电(Dian)。(?)
      放(Fang)电(Dian)深(Shen)度(Du)对(Dui)蓄(Xu)电(Dian)池(Chi)的(De)循(Xun)环(Huan)寿(Shou)命(Ming)影(Ying)响(Xiang)很(Hen)大(Da)，(?)蓄(Xu)电(Dian)池(Chi)如(Ru)果(Guo)经(Jing)常(Chang)深(Shen)度(Du)放(Fang)电(Dian)，(?)循(Xun)环(Huan)寿(Shou)命(Ming)将(Jiang)缩(Suo)短(Duan)。(?)因(Yin)为(Wei)同(Tong)一(Yi)额(E)定(Ding)容(Rong)量(Liang)的(De)蓄(Xu)电(Dian)池(Chi)深(Shen)度(Du)放(Fang)电(Dian)就(Jiu)意(Yi)味(Wei)着(Zhuo)经(Jing)常(Chang)采(Cai)用(Yong)大(Da)电(Dian)流(Liu)充(Chong)电(Dian)和(He)放(Fang)电(Dian)，(?)在(Zai)大(Da)电(Dian)流(Liu)放(Fang)电(Dian)时(Shi)或(Huo)经(Jing)常(Chang)处(Chu)于(Yu)欠(Qian)压(Ya)状(Zhuang)态(Tai)又(You)不(Bu)能(Neng)及(Ji)时(Shi)进(Jin)行(Xing)再(Zai)充(Chong)电(Dian)，(?)产(Chan)生(Sheng)的(De)硫(Liu)酸(Suan)盐(Yan)颗(Ke)粒(Li)大(Da)，(?)极(Ji)板(Ban)活(Huo)性(Xing)物(Wu)质(Zhi)不(Bu)能(Neng)被(Bei)充(Chong)分(Fen)利(Li)用(Yong)，(?)长(Chang)期(Qi)下(Xia)去(Qu)蓄(Xu)电(Dian)池(Chi)的(De)实(Shi)际(Ji)容(Rong)量(Liang)将(Jiang)逐(Zhu)渐(Jian)减(Jian)小(Xiao)，(?)影(Ying)响(Xiang)蓄(Xu)电(Dian)池(Chi)的(De)正(Zheng)常(Chang)工(Gong)作(Zuo)。(?)由(You)于(Yu)太(Tai)阳(Yang)能(Neng)光(Guang)伏(Fu)发(Fa)电(Dian)系(Xi)统(Tong)一(Yi)般(Ban)不(Bu)太(Tai)容(Rong)易(Yi)产(Chan)生(Sheng)过(Guo)充(Chong)电(Dian)的(De)情(Qing)况(Kuang)，(?)所(Suo)以(Yi)长(Chang)期(Qi)处(Chu)于(Yu)亏(Kui)电(Dian)状(Zhuang)态(Tai)是(Shi)太(Tai)阳(Yang)能(Neng)光(Guang)伏(Fu)系(Xi)统(Tong)中(Zhong)蓄(Xu)电(Dian)池(Chi)失(Shi)效(Xiao)和(He)寿(Shou)命(Ming)缩(Suo)短(Duan)的(De)主(Zhu)要(Yao)原(Yuan)因(Yin)。(?)
（(?)2）(?) 放(Fang)电(Dian)速(Su)率(Lu)。(?)
      一(Yi)般(Ban)规(Gui)定(Ding)20小(Xiao)时(Shi)放(Fang)电(Dian)率(Lu)的(De)容(Rong)量(Liang)为(Wei)蓄(Xu)电(Dian)池(Chi)的(De)额(E)定(Ding)容(Rong)量(Liang)，(?)若(Ruo)使(Shi)用(Yong)低(Di)于(Yu)规(Gui)定(Ding)小(Xiao)时(Shi)的(De)放(Fang)电(Dian)率(Lu)，(?)则(Ze)可(Ke)得(De)到(Dao)高(Gao)于(Yu)额(E)定(Ding)值(Zhi)的(De)电(Dian)池(Chi)容(Rong)量(Liang)；(?)若(Ruo)使(Shi)用(Yong)高(Gao)于(Yu)规(Gui)定(Ding)小(Xiao)时(Shi)的(De)放(Fang)电(Dian)率(Lu)，(?)所(Suo)放(Fang)出(Chu)的(De)容(Rong)量(Liang)要(Yao)比(Bi)蓄(Xu)电(Dian)池(Chi)额(E)定(Ding)容(Rong)量(Liang)小(Xiao)，(?)同(Tong)时(Shi)放(Fang)电(Dian)速(Su)率(Lu)也(Ye)影(Ying)响(Xiang)蓄(Xu)电(Dian)池(Chi)的(De)端(Duan)电(Dian)压(Ya)值(Zhi)。(?)蓄(Xu)电(Dian)池(Chi)在(Zai)放(Fang)电(Dian)时(Shi)，(?)电(Dian)化(Hua)学(Xue)反(Fan)应(Ying)电(Dian)流(Liu)优(You)先(Xian)分(Fen)布(Bu)在(Zai)离(Li)主(Zhu)体(Ti)溶(Rong)液(Ye)最(Zui)近(Jin)的(De)表(Biao)面(Mian)上(Shang)，(?)导(Dao)致(Zhi)在(Zai)电(Dian)极(Ji)表(Biao)面(Mian)形(Xing)成(Cheng)硫(Liu)酸(Suan)铅(Qian)而(?)堵(Du)住(Zhu)多(Duo)孔(Kong)电(Dian)极(Ji)内(Nei)部(Bu)。(?)在(Zai)大(Da)电(Dian)流(Liu)放(Fang)电(Dian)时(Shi)，(?)上(Shang)述(Shu)问(Wen)题(Ti)更(Geng)加(Jia)突(Tu)出(Chu)，(?)所(Suo)以(Yi)放(Fang)电(Dian)电(Dian)流(Liu)变(Bian)大(Da)，(?)蓄(Xu)电(Dian)池(Chi)给(Gei)出(Chu)的(De)容(Rong)量(Liang)也(Ye)就(Jiu)越(Yue)小(Xiao)，(?)端(Duan)电(Dian)压(Ya)值(Zhi)下(Xia)降(Jiang)速(Su)度(Du)加(Jia)快(Kuai)，(?)即(Ji)放(Fang)电(Dian)终(Zhong)止(Zhi)电(Dian)压(Ya)值(Zhi)随(Sui)着(Zhuo)放(Fang)电(Dian)电(Dian)流(Liu)的(De)增(Zeng)大(Da)而(?)降(Jiang)低(Di)。(?)但(Dan)另(Ling)一(Yi)方(Fang)面(Mian)，(?)也(Ye)并(Bing)非(Fei)放(Fang)电(Dian)速(Su)率(Lu)越(Yue)低(Di)越(Yue)好(Hao)，(?)有(You)研(Yan)究(Jiu)表(Biao)明(Ming)长(Chang)期(Qi)太(Tai)小(Xiao)放(Fang)电(Dian)速(Su)率(Lu)会(Hui)因(Yin)硫(Liu)酸(Suan)铅(Qian)分(Fen)子(Zi)生(Sheng)成(Cheng)量(Liang)显(Xian)著(Zhu)地(Di)增(Zeng)加(Jia)，(?)产(Chan)生(Sheng)应(Ying)力(Li)造(Zao)成(Cheng)极(Ji)板(Ban)弯(Wan)曲(Qu)和(He)活(Huo)性(Xing)物(Wu)质(Zhi)脱(Tuo)落(Luo)，(?)也(Ye)会(Hui)降(Jiang)低(Di)蓄(Xu)电(Dian)池(Chi)的(De)使(Shi)用(Yong)寿(Shou)命(Ming)。(?)
（(?)3）(?) 外(Wai)界(Jie)温(Wen)度(Du)过(Guo)高(Gao)。(?)
      蓄(Xu)电(Dian)池(Chi)的(De)额(E)定(Ding)容(Rong)量(Liang)是(Shi)指(Zhi)蓄(Xu)电(Dian)池(Chi)在(Zai)25℃(?)时(Shi)的(De)数(Shu)值(Zhi)，(?)一(Yi)般(Ban)认(Ren)为(Wei)阀(Fa)控(Kong)密(Mi)封(Feng)式(Shi)铅(Qian)酸(Suan)蓄(Xu)电(Dian)池(Chi)的(De)工(Gong)作(Zuo)温(Wen)度(Du)在(Zai)20~30℃(?)范(Fan)围(Wei)内(Nei)工(Gong)作(Zuo)较(Jiao)为(Wei)理(Li)想(Xiang)。(?)当(Dang)电(Dian)池(Chi)温(Wen)度(Du)过(Guo)低(Di)时(Shi)，(?)表(Biao)现(Xian)为(Wei)蓄(Xu)电(Dian)池(Chi)容(Rong)量(Liang)减(Jian)小(Xiao)，(?)因(Yin)为(Wei)在(Zai)低(Di)温(Wen)条(Tiao)件(Jian)下(Xia)电(Dian)解(Jie)液(Ye)不(Bu)能(Neng)很(Hen)好(Hao)地(Di)与(Yu)极(Ji)板(Ban)的(De)活(Huo)性(Xing)物(Wu)质(Zhi)充(Chong)分(Fen)反(Fan)应(Ying)。(?)容(Rong)量(Liang)减(Jian)少(Shao)将(Jiang)不(Bu)能(Neng)满(Man)足(Zu)预(Yu)期(Qi)的(De)后(Hou)备(Bei)使(Shi)用(Yong)时(Shi)间(Jian)和(He)保(Bao)持(Chi)在(Zai)规(Gui)定(Ding)的(De)放(Fang)电(Dian)深(Shen)度(Du)内(Nei)，(?)很(Hen)容(Rong)易(Yi)造(Zao)成(Cheng)蓄(Xu)电(Dian)池(Chi)的(De)过(Guo)放(Fang)电(Dian)。(?)从(Cong)蓄(Xu)电(Dian)池(Chi)的(De)外(Wai)部(Bu)参(Can)数(Shu)来(Lai)看(Kan)，(?)电(Dian)压(Ya)与(Yu)温(Wen)度(Du)有(You)很(Hen)大(Da)关(Guan)系(Xi)，(?)温(Wen)度(Du)每(Mei)升(Sheng)高(Gao)1℃(?)，(?)单(Dan)格(Ge)电(Dian)池(Chi)的(De)电(Dian)压(Ya)降(Jiang)下(Xia)降(Jiang)3mV。(?)也(Ye)就(Jiu)是(Shi)说(Shuo)，(?)铅(Qian)酸(Suan)蓄(Xu)电(Dian)池(Chi)的(De)电(Dian)压(Ya)具(Ju)有(You)负(Fu)温(Wen)度(Du)系(Xi)数(Shu)，(?)其(Qi)值(Zhi)为(Wei)-3mV/℃(?)。(?)同(Tong)样(Yang)的(De)道(Dao)理(Li)，(?)环(Huan)境(Jing)温(Wen)度(Du)升(Sheng)高(Gao)容(Rong)易(Yi)造(Zao)成(Cheng)蓄(Xu)电(Dian)池(Chi)过(Guo)放(Fang)电(Dian)。(?)高(Gao)温(Wen)还(Huan)会(Hui)带(Dai)来(Lai)蓄(Xu)电(Dian)池(Chi)失(Shi)水(Shui)、(?)热(Re)失(Shi)控(Kong)现(Xian)象(Xiang)。(?)温(Wen)度(Du)是(Shi)影(Ying)响(Xiang)蓄(Xu)电(Dian)池(Chi)正(Zheng)常(Chang)工(Gong)作(Zuo)的(De)一(Yi)个(Ge)主(Zhu)要(Yao)因(Yin)素(Su)，(?)在(Zai)太(Tai)阳(Yang)能(Neng)光(Guang)伏(Fu)系(Xi)统(Tong)中(Zhong)，(?)一(Yi)般(Ban)都(Du)要(Yao)求(Qiu)控(Kong)制(Zhi)器(Qi)具(Ju)有(You)温(Wen)度(Du)补(Bu)偿(Chang)功(Gong)能(Neng)。(?)